The MMS calculator does its water calculation based on the amount of oils. So for every 2 pound batch you do, it will give you a range of 8-12 ounces of water.
A completely *different* way to calculate water is to do it off of the amount of lye you are using. You are actually determining the strength of the lye solution. You will see people saying "I used a 38% lye solution".
Here is a table to help you calculate your solution strength.
Multiply your lye amount * the factor to give you this strength:
Amt of water to use = Lye x 1.0 = 50 % lye solution
L x 1.15 = 46.5 %
L x 1.2 = 45.45%
L x 1.25 = 44.44%
L x 1.3 = 43 %
L x 1.4 = 41.66%
L x 1.5 = 40 %
L x 1.6 = 38 %
L x 1.7 = 37 %
L x 1.75 = 36 %
L x 1.8 = 35.7 %
L x 1.9 = 34.5 %
L x 2 = 33 %
L x 2.1 = 32 %
L x 2.3 = 30 %
Don't go stronger than a 50% solution, your lye might not dissolve. A good range is 33%-40%
Typical problems with stronger solutions will be faster trace, more problems with fragrances seizing/ricing.
Stronger solution benefits - faster cure time, less warping of bars due to less water.
And the definition of discounted water cold process soapmaking http://www.aquasapone.com.au/recipes/discountedcp.html
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